提出了一种基于光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）的增敏型索力传感器。该传感器的基体为圆柱环状弹性体，3组回字梁间隔120°布置在圆环上，6个FBG分3组按顺序粘贴在回字形梁上，同时在传感器基体上粘贴1个FBG进行对比实验。采用有限元分析方法研究弹性体的应变分布特征，用3组FBG波长漂移量的差值作为传感器的输出信号，实现对锚索应力的测量和温度补偿。压力测试结果表明，基体上FBG的输出信号灵敏度为0.75 pm/kN，而回字梁上FBG输出信号的灵敏度为33.53 pm/kN，增敏效果显著且传感器具有良好的线性度和温度补偿能力。

提出了一种基于光纤光栅（FBG）的一体式三维加速度传感器。该传感器以十字梁为弹性体，采用有限元分析方法研究了弹性体的应变分布特征，5个光纤光栅按照特定的规则被封装在梁的表面。通过将两两组合的光纤光栅波长漂移量的差值作为传感器不同振动方向的输出信号，实现三维加速度的低耦合测量及温度补偿。振动测试结果表明，该传感器在x、y和z方向的谐振频率分别为2000，1920，1160 Hz，工作频带分别为20~1400 Hz、20~1300 Hz和10~800 Hz，在x、y和z方向的灵敏度分别为1.36，1.70，1.31 pm/g。该传感器具有良好的线性度、弱耦合性和温度补偿能力。

提出一种由双玻璃纤维薄片、石英光纤布拉格光栅,及两段玻璃纤维护管组成的,并采用高温胶黏剂封装的片式应变传感器。该传感器不含金属材料,不受强电力电磁干扰。制备出3个传感器原型,将其安装在等强度悬臂梁上进行全面的性能测试实验。测试结果表明:3个传感器均具有良好的测量重复性(误差小于3.43%)和线性(线性拟合系数均大于0.999),应变灵敏度一致性高;温度补偿误差在22 pm以内,补偿能力良好;还具有良好的抗蠕变性能。因此,所设计的传感器具有优越的测量性能,能够满足野外环境下电力设施的长期应变监测要求。

提出了一种基于嵌入式光纤光栅和碳纤维等强度梁的倾斜传感器。介绍了传感器的测量原理和制作方法,进行了全面的测试。研究结果表明,传感器在±30°量程内的倾斜测量灵敏度达到49.73 pm/(°),精度可达0.101°,测量重复性误差仅为0.62%,测量函数的线性拟合度达到0.99992,且抗蠕变和温度补偿能力良好,能满足复杂的电力环境下开展长期倾斜监测的要求。

光纤光栅的粘贴封装工艺对传感器的性能有重要影响。目前光纤光栅传感器设计中最常用的两种封装方式分别是将光栅全部粘贴后进行封装以及将光栅预拉伸后对光栅两端进行粘贴封装。在这两种封装方式下,对光纤光栅的测量灵敏度、线性、重复性、蠕变、温度补偿等决定传感器核心性能的参数开展了实验研究。每种封装方式下,均将3支参数相同的光纤光栅布置在同一等强度梁上,并布置1支自由状态的裸光栅作为温度参考,开展应变感测特性和温度补偿特性方面的对比实验。实验结果表明,两种封装方式下的6支光纤光栅在灵敏度、线性、重复性方面均具备良好的一致性及抗蠕变能力;温度补偿测试中,同种封装方式的光栅自差分补偿的效果明显优于参考裸栅的差分补偿结果;光栅两点粘贴封装方式的自差分补偿效果最好,达到9 pm以内,优于光栅全部粘贴封装的结果(小于20 pm);光栅两端粘贴封装与参考裸栅差分补偿的效果最差,最大达53 pm。

During last decades, sensor elements based on the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) have been widely studied and developed due to the advantages of immunity to electromagnetic interference, compact size, high precision, and so on. The FBG itself is sensitive to axial strain and temperature variation directly and can indirectly measure these complex physical parameters, such as pressure, displacement, and vibration, by using some specially designed elastic structures to convert them into the axial strain of the FBG. Whether the FBG is fixed on the measured object to measure the strain directly or fixed on an elastic structure body to measure other physical quantities, these types of FBGs could be collectively called as strain sensing FBGs. The packaging of the FBG has important influence on FBG characteristics that directly affect the measurement accuracy, such as strain transfer, temperature characteristic, and spectral shape. This paper summarizes the packaging methods and corresponding temperature compensation methods of the currently reported strain sensing FBGs, focusing especially on fully pasted FBG, pre-stretched FBG with double-end fixed, and metallic packaging. Furthermore, the advantages and drawbacks of different packaging methods have been analyzed, which can provide a reference for future researches.

力觉传感器是机器人最重要的外部传感器之一。随着特种机器人的兴起，研发能适应特殊环境（如微创手术、核磁共振手术、救灾救援、核电站、消防等）的新型力传感器显得尤为重要。光纤Bragg光栅（FBG）是一种新型无源光器件，以光为传感信号，具有无电检测、不受电磁干扰、无零漂、精度高、耐高温、单根光纤可串接多个光栅等优势。自2001年国外学者首次将FBG用于机器人多维力传感技术后，基于FBG的力/力矩触觉传感技术逐渐得到广泛研究和应用。基于此，综述了目前国内外基于光纤Bragg光栅原理的多维力/力矩传感技术、力触觉传感技术设计及应用的研究现状，展望了其发展趋势。

We report an extrinsic Fabry–Perot interferometer-fiber Bragg grating (EFPI-FBG) hybrid sensor in this letter. The interferometric cavity of the proposed hybrid sensor is composed of a glass capillary tube, a section of single-mode fiber, and a section of single-mode metal fiber with one FBG. The FBG processed by high-temperature annealing is used to measure temperature, whereas the fiber EFPI is adopted for strain measurement. One of the two aligned fibers is free along the axial direction, which is different from the traditional structure that both the fibers are fixed to glass capillary tube. Experimental results show that the sensor can measure high temperature and large strain simultaneously. The measuring range of temperature and strain for the hybrid sensor is up to 500 °C and 10,000 μ.., respectively. Effective temperature compensation of the hybrid sensor is realized, too.